山特维克集团待遇:情态动词用法讲与练

情态动词用法讲与练

I.情态动词+have done的用法
“情态动词＋have done”是历年高考的热点，但有些同学对这一结构不甚了解。为了便于同学们学习，现将这种结构的两种主要用法借表归纳如下。
一、表示对过去情况的推测或估计
所用的句式 意义
must have done 肯定句 一定（已经）……
may ／might have done 肯定句 可能／大概（已经）……否定句可能还没有……
can ／could have done 否定句 不可能（已经）……疑问句 可能／也许（已经）……了吗？
说明：1might ／could有时并不是may ／ can的过去式，而是表示一种委婉的语气或更小的可能性。2might have done有时可用于疑问句中，此时might就相当于can ／could。
二、表示对过去所发生的事情的遗憾或责备
所用的句式 意义
should ／ought to have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 本来（不） 应该……的
might／could have done 肯定句 本来能够／可以……的
need have done 否定句 本不必要……的
had better have done 肯定句，否定句， 疑问句 要是（没有）干了……就好了
would rather have done 同上 本来想做……（却未做）
说明：1．might have done有时可表示对过去发生事情的庆幸，意为“差点儿……”。如：
Didn't you see that car nearly hit me？I might have been killed．
你难道没看见那辆小车差点儿撞上了我吗？我差点就没命了。
2要注意needn't have done与didn't need to do的差别。
He needn't have come．他本没有必要来。（实际却来了）
He didn't need to come．他没有必要来。（实际也没来）
同学们在做有关“情态动词＋have done”练习时，在掌握这一结构的两种基本用法的同时，还要仔细体会题干所提供的语言信息，准确理解语言环境和说话人的含意，尤其要注意题干中时态给予的暗示。
巩固练习：（练习题均为高考题）
1．—I stayed at a hotel while in New York．—Oh，did you？You ____ with Barbara．
A．could have stayed B．could stayC．would stay D．must have stayed
2．I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning．She ____at the meeting．
A．mustn't have spoken B．shouldn't have spoken
C．needn't have spoken D．couldn't have spoken
3．He ____you more help，even though he was busy．
A．might have given B．might giveC．may have givenD．may give
4．—I saw our teacher in the office just now．—You ____her，she is still abroad．
A．can't have seen B．mustn't have seenC．needn't have seen D．shouldn't have seen
5．Kate is already two hours late．What ____ to her？
A．can have happened B．may have happenedC．should have happened D．must have happened
6．We ____last night，but we went to the concert instead．
A．must have studied B．might studyC．should have studied D．would study
7．There was plenty of time．She ____ ．
A．mustn't have hurriedB．couldn't have hurriedC．mustn't hurryD．needn't have hurried8．Yesterday，Jane walked away from the discussion．Otherwise，she ____something she would regret later．
A．had saidB．said C．might sayD．might have said
9．—Did you scold him for his mistake？—Yes，but ____it．
A．I'd rather not do B．I'd better not do
C．I'd better not have done D．I'd rather have not done
10．Sorry，I'm late．I ____have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．
A．mightB．should C．canD．will
II. 情态动词难点透视
英语中的情态动词虽然为数不多，但是要掌握好它们的用法并不容易。本文结合同学们在使用情态动词时不易掌握的难点谈几点看法。
1.can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：
Accidents can happen．Anybody can make mistakes．
如果我们要表达某事发生的实际可能性，要用may,could或might等。
We may spend our summer holidays in Hangzhou this year．
Will you answer the telephone﹖ It could／may／might be your mother．
2.could用来征求意见时，语气要比can委婉，但在回答问题时我们不能用could,因为语气委婉，可能性就变小了。如：
—Could I use your telephone﹖—Yes, please go ahead．
3.在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用was／were able to而不能用could。如：
It was a holiday and the children were able to go to the seaside．
The girl worked hardso she was able to pass the final test．
4．must与have to都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。
1) must只有现在时，而have to有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：
We must work hard, or we’ll fail in the examination．
Two years ago, the poor girl had to leave school for lack of money．
2) must表示主观看法，have to则侧重于客观需要。如：
We must be strict with ourselves in everything．
In cities with many cars, some people have to wear masks．
5．must表示推测时，其反意问句有好几种形式。
1) “must＋动词原形”对目前的情况进行推测时以及用must＋be＋-ing形式对目前正在发生的情况进行推测时，疑问短语部分要与must之后的动词相一致。如：
The mathematics teacher must be in the office now, isn’t he﹖
2) “must＋have＋过去分词”用来表示对已经发生的事情进行推论。如果句子中有过去的时间状语，疑问部分用助动词didn’t否则，疑问部分用haven’t或hasn’t。如：
The children must have watered the tomatoes yesterday, didn’t they﹖
The minister must have arrived in Shanghai, hasn’t he﹖
6．shall可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：
Shall she go to the concert with us this evening﹖ (征求意见)
You shall go to the front at once．(命令)
Don’t worry．You shall get the answer this very afternoon．
（允诺）He shall be sorry one day．I tell you．(警告)
Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pollution．(决心)
7．在表示将来的时间、条件状语从句中，不能用will（这时的will不是情态动词，而是助动词，帮助构成将来时）。如：
If it will rain tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(误)
If it rains tomorrow, we shall not go to the mountain village．(正)
当情态动词will表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。如：
If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English．
如果你愿意听我的话，我将给你提点学习英语的建议。
If you will come this way，the manager will meet you．
请您往这边走，经理现在要见你。
8．should除表示必要或义务外，还可表示推测或可能。如：
The American friends should be here now．
“should／ought to＋have＋过去分词”既可表示本该做而事实上没有做的事，也可以表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪。如：
You should have told her about it the day before yesterday．
It’s wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．
“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”是很重要的一种句型，除should外，may, might, must, couldn’t, needn’t, ought to等都可以用于这一句型，但要注意使用不同的情态动词句子的意思就有所不同。
9．ought to与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法，ought to则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：
We should／ought to help each other and learn from each other in our work．
She is your mother, so you ought to support her．
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I don’t think we will．
10．need，用作情态动词，仅用于否定句和疑问句，而不用于肯定句。在肯定句中要用must, have to, should, ought to或将need当作行为动词使用。如：
We need report the matter to the boss immediately．(误)
We must report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
We need to report the matter to the boss immediately．（正）
Dare的用法也一样。
dare 与need 的用法
1).dare作为情态动词,主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中,一般不用于肯定句.
a. How dare you say I’m unfair ?
b. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare she ?
c. If he dare break the rule , he will be punished .
2).need表示”需要”或”必须”,作情态动词用时,仅用于否定句或疑问句. 条件从句中。“有…必要”。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替.
a. You needn’t come so early.
b. --Need I finish the work today ?---Yes, you must./ No , you needn’t .
c. If you need go there , please let me know .
3).dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态,人称和数的变化。所不同的是,在肯定句中,dare 后面通常接带to的不定式; 在否定和疑问句中, dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式.
a .I dare to swim across the river b .He doesn’t dare (to) answer.
C .We need time and money.
d .The dining room needs / wants / requires cleaning every day .
= The dining room needs / wants / requires to be cleaned every day .
e. Does he need to take the medicine four times a day ?

III.情态动词的测试热点
本阶段出现了不少“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的句型。在此之前，同学们也学到了许多有关情态动词的用法。笔者在文中对历年来的高考试题进行了分析，指出了历年来高考试题对情态动词的测试热点，谈到了使用情态动词时应注意的相关知识，供同学们参考，以期提高同学们运用所学知识的能力。
热点一：情态动词表示推测的用法
情态动词must，can，could，may，might都可用来表示推测。其中，must所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意为“一定”。注意，其否定式mustn’t表示“想必不”；表示“不可能”要用can’t或couldn’t。 may 和 might表示可能性时，主要用于肯定句中，might相对于may 来说，表示的可能性更小一些。 can和could主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
需要注意的几点:
1.表示猜测，can一般不用于肯定句中，除非是“经验之谈”。我们在SEFC Book 2， Lesson 30中学过这样两个表示“经验之谈”的句子：Children can often get ill suddenly．（小孩常常可能突然生博）Certain things in the home can be dangerous，especially if you have young children．（家里的某些东西可能有危险，尤其是有小孩的时候。）上面两句可以看作医务工作者或抚养过孩子的人说的话，属“经验之谈”。
2．may和might都不用于疑问句中。如：（正）Can ／Could it be cloudy tomorrow ？（误）May ／Might it be cloudy tomorrow ？
3．must的否定式是can't ／couldn't，不是 needn't或m ustn't。
4．would ＋V原形：想必现在／过去……；现在／过去可能……He would be back today ／yesterday．想必他今天／昨天回来了。（他今天／昨天可能回来了。）
5．should ／ought to ＋V原形：想必现在／将来会……The dinner should ／ought to be ready now．想必晚饭现在已备好。He should ／ought to ring up this afternoon．想必他今天下午会打电话的。
6．will ＋V原形：将来一定／准会……
Try your best，and your wish will come true．尽力吧，你的理想准会实现的。
在近年来的高考试题中，测试may和might表示可能性的频率较高，是一个热点项目。
如：
Peter ＿＿＿＿ come with us tonight，but he isn’t very sure yet．(NMET’93)
A． mustB． may C． canD． will
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句暗示了选择答案的条件。
Michael ＿＿＿＿ be a policeman for he’s much too short． (上海’94)
A． needn’tB． can’tC． should D． may
简析：本题选B。本题的后半句给出了理由。
-Are you coming to Jeff’s party﹖
-I’m not sure． I ＿＿＿＿ go to the concert instead．(NMET2000)
A． mustB． would C． shouldD． might
简析：本题答语部分中的“I’m not sure”暗示了说话者的语气不肯定。因而，本题应选D。 Johnny, you ＿＿play with the knif，you ＿＿＿＿ hurt yourself．(NMET’96)
A． won’t；can’tB． mustn’t；mayC． shouldn’t；must D． can’t；shouldn’t
简析：本题应选B。第一空用mustn’t表示禁止，第二空用may表示可能。

情态动词表示猜测的答题方法及考例精析
解答情态动词表示猜测的试题时，一要清楚被猜测的时间，二要清楚有无客观事实根据。若有客观事实根据，则无论是肯定还是否定的猜测，猜测语气最强且符合时间要求的为最佳答案；情态动词表示猜测时语气从强到弱的顺序是：must，will，would，ought to，should，can，may，could，might。若无客观事实根据，纯凭主观臆断，则猜测语气最弱且符合时间要求的为最佳答案。如：
1．I thought you __________ like something to read，so I have brought you some books．（MET 1986）A．may B．mightC．could D．must
由题意可知被猜测的时间是（过去）将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。
2．Peter __________ come with us tonight，but he isn't sure yet．（MET 1993）
A．mustB．may C．can D．will
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是B。
3．It __________ last night，for the ground was wet this morning．
A．must have rainedB．may have rainedC．must rainD．might rain
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据the ground was wet，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是A。
4．Mary __________ be in Paris，for I saw her in the town only a few minutes ago．（MET 1994）A．mustn'tB．can'tC．shouldn'tD．may not
由题意可知被猜测的时间是现在，有客观事实根据I saw her in the town a few minutes ago，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B（can't是m ust的否定式）。
5.—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well．
—It __________ a comfortable journey．（NMET 1995）
A．can't be B．shouldn't be C．mustn't have been D．couldn't have been
由题意可知被猜测的时间是过去，有客观事实根据there were already five people．．．take me as well，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是D。
6．-When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．
—They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET 1998）
A．can B．should C．might D．need
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，有客观事实根据need them tomorrow afternoon，猜测语气要求最强，所以正确选项是B。
7．-Are you coming to Jeff's Party？
—I'm not sure．I __________ go to the concert instead．（NMET 2000）
A．mustB．would C．might D．should
由题意可知被猜测的时间是将来，没有客观事实根据，猜测语气要求最弱，所以正确选项是C.
热点二：情态动词表示能力的用法
情态动词表示能力时，一般用can／could或be able to 。be able to用于表示能力并且可用于各种时态，而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。此外，当表示过去成功地做成了某事时，只能用was ／ were able to。如：
A computer ＿＿＿＿＿ think for itself， it must be told what to do．(MET’91)
A． can’t B． couldn’tC． may notD． might not
简析：这里说明电脑不具备独立思考的能力 故本题选A。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿＿get out．(NMET’97)
A． had to B． would C． couldD． was able to
简析：本题题意为“大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆，但全体人员都脱离了危险。”， 故本题选D。
热点三：表示“许可”、“允许”的情态动词
can／could may／might都可用来表示请求允许或许可。过去式could和might常用于疑问句中，表示礼貌。回答时，常用原形can或者may，不可再用过去式could或might。如：
-Could I borrow your dictionary﹖(MET’92)
-Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿．
A． might B． willC． canD． should
简析：本题的前一句用could提问，表示委婉的请求。回答时，应用原形can。故本题选C。
热点四：shall／should的用法
shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见，常译为“要某人做某事吗﹖”。shall也可用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的意愿，有命令、警告、决心、强制、许诺或威胁之意。研读历届高考题不难发现，should的考点主要体现在以下几个方面： 1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”；2）表示可能性推测，意为“很可能、该”；3）用于虚拟语气中。
4)．should（not）have done结构的用法。现结合历届高考题对其用法作一归纳。
一、“should（ought to）have done”结构意为“本来应该……”，表示过去应该做或值得做的事情而没有做到，含有后悔、埋怨、责备等意味。该结构的否定式“shouldn't（ought not to）have done”则表示过去做了不应该做的事，意为“本来不应该……却……”。例如：
1.Jerry __________ have kept her word，I wonder why she changed her mind．（MET91）A．must B．shouldC．needD．would
2.We __________ last night，but we went to the concert instead．（MET92）
A．must have studiedB．might studyC．should have studiedD．would study
3.I told Sally how to get there，but perpaps I __________ for her．（NMET94）
A．had to write it outB．must have written it out
C．should have written it outD．ought to write it out
4.Tom ought not to __________ me your secret，but he meant no harm．（MET93）
A．have told B．tellC．be tellingD．having told
5.There was a lot of fun at yesterday's party．You ______ come，but why didn't you？（99上海）A．mustB．shouldC．need have D．ought to have
6.I was really anxious about you．You __________ home without a word．（NMET2001）
A．mustn't leaveB．shouldn't have leftC．couldn't have leftD．needn't have left
7.Oh，I'm not feeling well in the stomach．I _______so much fried chicken just now．（2002上海春季高考）
A．shouldn't eatB．mustn't have eatenC．shouldn't have eatenD．mustn't eat
二、“should have done”结构还可以表示动作已经完成，但含有感情色彩，表示惊讶、惊奇等意味。意为“竟，竟然，居然”。例如：I'm sorry that this should have happened．很遗憾，竟然发生了这种事情。
It is wonderful that you should have achieved so much in these years．这几年你竟然取得如此大的成就，真是了不起！
三、should也可以用来表示“推测”，意为“可能；该”。相当于be expected to。往往指具有一定的客观根据或根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述，语气上不如must强。若对现在正在进行的事情的推测，则用should be doing结构。例如：
8．—Will Mr Wang offer us a hand？
—He__________ be glad to．He never refused our request．（92上海）
A．canB．must C．may D．should
9．—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon．
—They __________ be ready by 12：00．（NMET98）
A．canB．shouldC．mightD．need
10．It's nearly seven o'clock．Jack __________ be here at any moment．（NMET95）
A．mustB．needC．should D．can
I don't think he should be sleeping now，is he？我认为他现在不可能正在睡觉，是吗？
四、“should like／love to do sth．”结构意为“愿意／想做某事”。“should like／love to have done”结构则意为“本来想干某事，而当时却没干”。例如：
11．Little Jim should love __________ to the theatre this evening．（MET92）
A．to be taken B．to takeC．being taken D．taking
12．I should love __________ to Professor Smith，but I didn't get any more chance．（96上海）
A．to be introducedB．to have been introducedC．to have introducedD．introducing
He should like to have attended the evening party，but he was too busy．
他本想参加这次晚会，可是当时他太忙了。
五、should在虚拟语气中的运用
1、在if引导的条件状语从句中，若表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件句的谓语动词可以用“should ＋动词原形”；若if省略， should应提到句首，构成部分倒装。例如：
If it should snow tom orrow ，the m eet- ing would be put off．
如果明天下雪的话，运动会就会推迟。
13．_____it rain tomorrow，we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge．（94上海）A．WereB．ShouldC．Would D．Will
2、动词arrange（安排，筹划），command（命令，要求），demand（要求，需要），desire（要求，渴望），insist（坚决主张），order，propose（主张，提议），request，require，suggest（建议）等后跟宾语从句时，谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：
14．The guard at the gate insisted that everyone __________ the role．（MET85）
A．obeyingB．obeyC．will obeyD．would obey
15.Jane's face suggested that she __________ ill，and her parents suggested that she______ a medical examination．（95上海）
A．be；should haveB．was；haveC．should be；hadD．was；has
The doctor ordered that she（should） stay in bed for another week．
医生嘱咐她应该躺在床上再呆一周。
He proposed that we（should）go there by plane．他主张我们应该乘飞机去那里。
3、名词advice，idea，order，demand， plan，proposal（主张），suggestion，request等后跟表语从句或同位语从句时，其谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”。例如：
We all agreed to his suggestion that we（should）go to Hangzhou for sightseeing．
我们都同意他的建议我们应该到杭州去观光旅游。
My advice is that we（should）do more eye exercises every day．
我的建议是我们每天应该多做眼保健操。
4、在主语从句的下列三种句型中，主句的谓语动词应用“（should）＋动词原形”。
（1）It is necessary（important，impossible，strange，natural．．．）that．．．
（2）It is a pity（a shame．．．）that．．．
（3）It is suggested（requested，ordered，desired．．．）that．．．例如：
It is necessary that we should send for a doctor．我们很有必要派人请个医生来。
It is requested that Miss Gao（should） give a perform ance at the m eeting．
人们要求高小姐应该在大会上进行一场演出。
It is a pity that he（should）be so careless．他竟如此粗心真是令人遗憾。
六、should可以用来表示惊奇、惶惑、不满、惋惜、忧虑等情绪。例如：
16.You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentleman ________be so rude to a lady．（2001上海）A．might B．need C．should D．would
Never did he expect that the conditions should be so terrible．他从来没有料到情况竟如此可怕。
七、should可以表示谦逊、委婉之意，意为“可……；倒……”。例如：
Should you like to drink some beer？你是否喜欢喝点啤酒？
He should expect their team to win the match．他倒是希望他们队能赢得这场比赛。
八、should可以用于较强语气的假设情形中，表示“竟然；万一”之意。例如：
If he should fail to come，ask John to go there in his place．万一他不能来就叫约翰代替他去。
Should it blow hard，we would not go out for a picnic．万一明天刮大风，我们就无法去野餐了。
九、should用于目的状语从句或in case引导的条件状语从句中时，相当于might，含有“会；可以”之意。例如：They got up early so that they should catch up the first flight in time．
他们很早起床以便能及时赶上首班飞机。
He took him along with an umbrella in case it should rain．
他随身带了一把雨伞，以防天可能下雨。
又如：
-The room is so dirty． ＿＿＿＿＿we clean it﹖
-Of course．(北京2003)
A． Will B． ShallC． WouldD． Do
简析：问句表示征求对方的意见，故本题选B。
It’s nearly seven o’clock． Jack＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET’95)
A． mustB． need C． shouldD． can
简析：本题应选C。should在本题中表示推测，意为“很可能”。又如：
-When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．
-They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 1200．(NMET’98)
A． canB． should C． mightD． need
简析：本题应选B。should在本题中表示应该。
热点五：“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”常见句型及用法
句型1：should (ought to) have＋过去分词
表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情。含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”。其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋ 过去分词”。如：
We ＿＿＿＿ last night，but we went to the concert instead．(MET’92)
A． must have studied B． might study
C． should have studied D． would study
简析：本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“我们不应去听音乐会，而应学习”。故本题选C。
句型2：needn’t have＋过去分词
表示过去没有必要做某事, 但实际上做了某事。如：
There was plenty of time． She ＿＿＿＿＿．(MET’87)
A． mustn’t have hurriedB． couldn’t have hurried
C． must not hurry D． needn’t have hurried
简析：本题的前一句暗示了一个条件，后一句则是由这个条件得出的结论。故本题选D。
句型3：must have＋过去分词
意为“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。注意，对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can’t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。如：
I didn’t hear the phone． I ＿＿＿＿＿＿asleep．(MET’89)
A． must be B． must have beenC． should beD． should have been
简析：本题应选B。本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。
I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning．She ＿＿＿ at the meeting．(上海’91)
A． mustn’t have spoken B． shouldn’t have spoken
C． needn’t have spokenD． couldn’t have spoken
简析：从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。故本题选D。
句型4：may／might have＋过去分词
表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的（可能性）推测，意为“或许／可能做过某事”。另外，用于虚拟语气时，通常用might。如：
He ＿＿＿＿＿you more help even though he was very busy． (MET’90)
A． might have given B． might give
C． may have given D． may give
简析：本题应选A。全句意为“即使再忙，他也可能再多给你一些帮助的”。
句型5：could have＋过去分词
表示“（过去）本来可以（能够）做某事，但实际上没有做到”。如：
-I stayed at a hotel while in New York．
-Oh, did you﹖ You ＿＿＿＿ with Barbara．(NMET’98)
A． could have stayedB． could stay
C would stay D． must have stayed (Key: A)

情态动词专练
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．Jenny＿＿＿＿have kept her word．I wonder why she changed her mind．(MET1992)A．must B．should C．need D．would
2．—Could I borrow your dictionary﹖ —Yes, of course you ＿＿＿＿．(MET1992)A．might B．will C．can D．should
3．It’s nearly seven o’clock．Jack ＿＿＿＿ be here at any moment．(NMET1995)A．must B．need C．shouldD．can
4．The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ＿＿＿get out．(NMET1997)
A．had to B．wouldC．could D．was able to
5．Mr Brown, many students want to see you, ＿＿they wait here or outside﹖ A．shallB．willC．canD．would
6.The monitor must be in the reading-room,_____﹖
A．mustn’t B．doesn’t C．needn’t D．isn’t
7．Dr Baker must have given a good speech at the conference yesterday, ＿＿he﹖ A．mustn’t B．didn’t C．needn’t D．isn’t
8．—When can I come for the photos﹖ I need them tomorrow afternoon．
—They ＿＿＿＿ be ready by 12:00(NMET1998)
 A．can B．should C．might D．need
9．I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ＿＿＿＿ for her．(NMET1994)
A．had to write it outB．must have written it out
C．should have written it out D．ought to write it out
10．He hardly ＿＿say anything more, since you know all about it．
A．don’tB．needn’tC．needsD．need
11．—Alice looks sad．Did you tell her about the news？—Yes，but I __________ her later．
A．should have toldB．shouldn't have toldC．must have toldD．needn't have told
12．You __________ this morning，if you really wanted to see it yourself．
A．ought to comeB．may have comeC．ought to have comeD．could come
13．—You ought to have come here ten minutes ago．—I __________ ，but the train was late．
A．ought toB．ought to haveC．oughtD．have ought to
14． __________ he come，the problem would be settled．
A．WouldB．ShouldC．Shall D．If
15．It is necessary that a college student__________at least a foreign language．
A．masters B．should masterC．may masterD．can master
16．Most of the mem bers demanded that the meeting __________ till Friday．
A．should put offB．not be put offC．wouldn't be put offD．can not put off
17．It's unfair that you __________ treat him like that．
A．canB．mayC．needD．should
18．I __________ advise you not to do that again in the future．
A．dare B．would C．shouldD．need
19．When I went out，whom __________ I meet but our old friend？
A．shouldB．could C．might D．would
20．Tom __________ at the gate of the cinem a now．
A．should have waitedB．should be waitingC．might wait D．would wait
21.”What you want, you ____ have it on condition that you get the best result,” said the boss.
A. would B. ought toC. shallD. could
22.---What’s wrong with your car? ---I don’t know. It just _____ start.
A. mustn’tB couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
23.You _____ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.
A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come C.don’t need coming D. needn’t come
24.---May I pick a flower in the garden ? ---______.
A. No, you needn’tB.Not,please C. No,you mustn’t D. No,you won’t
25.---Helen, will you be at the party tonight ?
---Yes, but I have so much homework to do that I really _______.
A. won’tB .can’tC. mustn’t D. shouldn’t
26.I was really anxious about you. You ______ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B .shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D.needn’t leave
27.Jenny _____ with him at that time,for I was having dinner with her in my home.
A.can’t have been B.mustn’t have been C .must beD.may be
28.If you listen to me,you _____ have some candies,Deary.
A.shallB.mayC.willD.must
29.Peter ____ come with us tonight,but he isn’t very sure yet.
A.mayB.canC.willD.must
30.He ____ you more help,even though he was very busy.
A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give
31.There is plenty of time.She ______.
A.mustn’t have hurried B.couldn’t have hurried
C.must not hurryD.needn’t have hurried
32.The plant is dead.I ______ it morewater.
A.will give B.would have givenC.must give D.should have given
33.---Dare you go home at night ?----_________.
A.Yes,I doB.No,I daren’t C.No,I don’t D.Yes,I dare so.
34.When you go abroad,do you _____ take your passport ?
A.have toB.ought toC.be able to D.need
35.---You must phone us every week. ----Yes,I _____.
A.mustB.have to C.willD.should
36.---Your language teacher looks a rather kind woman.
----But in fact she is cold and hard on us.You _____ believe it.
A.should B.wouldn’tC.mustn’t D.might not.
37.A wise man __ sometimes make a mistake. A.can B.mayC.mightD.must
38.Don’t get the ink on your shirt,for it _________. A.won’t wash out
B.won’t be washed outC.doesn’t wash outD.can’t be washed out
39.---Is your father still an engineer ? ----_______.
A.Yes,he wasB.He didn’t use toC.No,but he used toD.No,but he used to be
40.There are so many people in the street that I _____ get through.
A.can’tB.couldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t
41.The classroom is empty.They must have gone to the sportsground,________?
A.don’t theyB.didn’t they C.haven’t theyD.hadn’t they
42.---You ought to have come earlier.---Yes,I ______.But the traffic was heavy.
A.ought to B.shouldC.must haveD.should have
43.Last night he hurt his leg,but at last he ______ get home safely.
A.couldB.can C.dareD.was able to
44.---Shall I tell John about it ? ----No,you ______.I’ve told him already.(1994)
A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.shouldn’t
45.Tom ought not to_____ me your secret,but he meant no harm.(1993)
A.have toldB.tellC.be telling D.having told
46.It’s already seven o’clock.Jack _____ be here at any moment.(1995)
A.must B.needC.should D.can
47.---When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
----They _____ be ready by 12:00.(1998) A.can B.should C.might D.need
48.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---Oh,did you ? You _____ with Barbara.(1998)
A.could have stayedB.could stay C.would stayD.must have stayed
49.Sorry I’m late. I ___ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
(2000 spring) A.might B.shouldC.can D.will
50.---Are you coming to Jeff’s party ?----I’m not sure.I _____ go to the concert instead.(2000)A.mustB.shouldC.would D.might
51.---Write to me when you get home.----________.(2001 Spring)
A.I mustB.I shouldC.I willD.I can
52.---I hear you have got a set of valuable Australian coins. _____ I have a look ?
---Yes,certainly. (2002 Spring)
A.DoB.MayC.Shall D.Should
53.---Is John coming by train ?
--- He should,but he ______ not.He likes driving his car. (2002)
A.mustB.canC.need D.may
情态动词讲与练答案
情态动词＋have done: 1-5 ADAAA6-10 CDDCA
Key:1-5 BCCDA 6-10 DBBCD
11—15 A C B B B 16—20 B D C A B
21-25CCDCB26-30BAAAA31-35DDBAC36-40AAADA
41-45CDDAA46-50CBAAD 51-53CBD